Colton Jones Inc. Essay

Marion Jones was once the sole shareholder and president of Chempla, Inc.; in 20X1 she sold her stock to Westcoat Industries. She signed an agreement to be a consultant for five years. After being unable to make a profit Westcoat decided to sell their interest in Chempla, but were unable to find a buyer. Westcoat offered Chempla back to Marion Jones and an agreement was reached on September 1, 20X4. Included in the agreement Marion would be majority shareholder of the newly formed corporation. A purchase price was set for the net assets and market values of accounts receivable, inventories, property, plant, and equipment, and accounts payable were obtained. Marion Jones with other investors was able to finance the acquisition of Chempla’s net assets. Colton Jones, Inca doped LIFO basis of accounting. Under the U.S. GAAP Codification of Accounting Standards, Codification Topic 805: Business Combinations; Colton Jones accounted for the acquisition of Chempla as they should have. The acquisition method was used as it should have been, one entity was identified as the acquirer, an acquisition date was stated, and the recognition and measurement principals are present. All parts of the acquisition that needed to take place were present in the case.1 1 GAAP Codification of Accounting Standards, Codification Topic 805: Business Combinations Prestone, Riles, & Nye Associates Prestone, Riles, & Nye (PRN) is a marketing communications company with offices throughout the US and a subsidiary in the United Kingdom and they want to expand into Eastern Europe. In their efforts to do so PRN entered an agreement to acquire outstanding stock of Broadwick Communications, Inc., a firm with contacts in Europe. Brodwick has three shareholders owning 25% each and eight owning the remaining 25%. PRN is responsible to pay $14 million to Broadwick shareholders and form a new entity, BPRN International, Inc. BPRN will conduct the activities of Broadwick and will have two classes of stock, Common A, voting and Common B, nonvoting stock. Income distributions or losses will be shared with the ownership of Common B shares. BPRN will issue 48 percent of its voting stock to PRN and 52  percent to the former Broadwick shareholders. PRN plans to use the equity method to account for and report its investment BPRN. PRN’s decision to use the equity method is supported by APB 18: The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock, which states, â€Å"that the equity method of accounting for an investment in common stock should also be followed by an investor whose investment in voting stock gives it the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies of an investee even though the investor holds 50 percent or less of the voting stock†¦ an investment (direct or indirect) of 20 percent or more of the voting stock of an investee should lead to a presumption that in the absence of evidence to the contrary an investor has the ability to exercise significant influence over an investee.†1 PRN’s investment in BPRN meets these criteria. The reason for using the equity method is to accurately report PRN’s share of net income from BPRN and for PRN’s investment account to reflect its share of BPRN’s net assets. We agree with PRN’s decision to account for and report its investment in BPRN using the equity method since it meets the requirements of GAAP as stated above. PRN also plans to acquire a majority of the voting stock in BPRN, at which time it will become a subsidiary of PRN. Since the basic accounting procedures for applying the equity method are the same in each case PRN will be able to continue using the equity method if and when it acquires a majority of the voting stock and is required to prepare consolidated financial statements 1 APB Opinion No. 18, paragraph 17. Stanomat, Inc. Stanomat, Inc. plans to acquire the outstanding common stock of Kesser Instruments and make it a subsidiary. An agreement is made that allows Stanomat to acquire 55 percent in two months and will purchase additional shares and outstanding shares will be purchased over a four year period. Stanomat will issue a note to Kesser payable over four years for $20 million with interest 1.5 percent above prime. During the period of the note Stanomat will acquire unissued shares of Kesser and upon complete payment of the note Stanomat will own 100 percent of the subsidiary. At 55 percent of ownership, Stanomat will record its investment at 100 percent ownership. We do not believe it is appropriate for Stanomat to record its investment in Kesser based on the 100 percent ownership that it has committed to purchase. Stanomat will use the equity method to account for its investment in Kesser and prepare consolidated financial statements since it owns more than 50 percent of the company. However, in order to accurately reflect its share of Kesser’s assets and income, it should only record and report the portion that it is entitled to. FASB Statement 141R â€Å"requires an acquirer to recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date.†1 Therefore Stanomat must recognize the noncontrolling interest held by Kesser until such time as it has acquired 100 percent ownership. In business combinations contingent shares are shares that will only be issued under certain circumstances or when certain conditions are met. A predetermined set of events must occur before the shares would be issued to investors. In this case, shares of Kesser stock will only be issued to Stanomat when a payment has been made. Deferred payment shares are issued to the investors in advance of payment. If the Kesser had issued its shares to Stanomat in advance of payment, Stanomat would be able to report and record the investment based on the 100 percent of shares it had received. If Stanomat records the investment in Kesser at the 55 percent level it would not be appropriate or practical to treat the purchase as a step acquisition. Step acquisition is only necessary when the investor owns a noncontrolling interest in the investee and then acquires additional interest giving it significant influence. â€Å"In a business combination achieved in stages, the acquirer shall remeasure its previously held equity interest in the acquiree at its acquisition-date fair value and recognize the resulting gain or loss, if any, in earnings.†2 Stanomat will acquire a controlling interest in Kesser in the first transfer of stock. Therefore it will be using the equity method to record the investment. Upon acquiring additional shares there will be no need to adjust its investment accounts. 1 FASB Statement 141R summary 2 FASB Statement 141R paragraph 48 Falco Industries, Inc. Falco, a supplier of automotive parts, sells its parts to aftermarket segments of the auto industry, including the manufacturer, rebuilder, warehouse distributor, mass merchandiser, and specialist. Falco acquired 10 percent voting common stock in an automotive store, Tidy Automotive, and in the same year acquired an additional 12 percent. Falco has a June 30 fiscal year and Tidy has a year end of October 31st. At year-end Falco Industries wanted to use the equity method to account for the investment in Tidy Automotive Stores. The market value of the investment in common stock on June 30th was 6 percent less that its acquisition cost. During the year Falco acquired a total of 22 percent of outstanding common stock in Tidy, which gives Falco between 20 and 50 percent of outstanding common stock, and therefore Falco’s interest in Tidy is significant. To account for this type of investment, Falco would need to use the equity method. The interest in Tidy would not be significant if Falco had acquired less that 20 percent, in this case Falco would need to use the cost method to account for the investment. If Falco had acquired more than 50 percent they would have to issue consolidated financial statements.

A change Essay

The quote â€Å"Be the change you wish to see in the world† bu Mahatma Gandhi means that if you want to turn the world into a better place, you need to start by turning yourself into a better you. For me, this quotes it’s true by several reason. You need to be an example, by this I mean that if you want to see a transformation, you need to act as you wish others to act so you can start a change, no matter how big or small it is. Gandhi is telling us that a personal and a social transformation can become viral and affect other people’s lifes in a good way. So by this he suggest that a personal transformation can become something greatter. A perfect example is the wise Gandhi because he used his personality and his thoughts of nonviolence to change the world. In order to bring a positive change into the world we need to engage to the outer worl but also with ourself, we need to cultivate ove and peace in our day by day life, so that love and peace can grow and beco me contagiuose. The quote â€Å"Be the change you wish to see in the world† bu Mahatma Gandhi means that if you want to turn the world into a better place, you need to start by turning yourself into a better you. For me, this quotes it’s true by several reason. You need to be an example, by this I mean that if you want to see a transformation, you need to act as you wish others to act so you can start a change, no matter how big or small it is. Gandhi is telling us that a personal and a social transformation can become viral and affect other people’s lifes in a good way. So by this he suggest that a personal transformation can become something greatter. A perfect example is the wise Gandhi because he used his personality and his thoughts of nonviolence to change the world. In order to bring a positive change into the world we need to engage to the outer worl but also with ourself, we need to cultivate ove and peace in our day by day life, so that love and peace can grow and beco me contagiuose. The quote â€Å"Be the change you wish to see in the world† bu Mahatma Gandhi means that if you want to turn the world into a better place, you need to start by turning yourself into a better you. For me, this quotes it’s true by several reason. You need to be an example, by this I mean that if you want to see a transformation, you need  to act as you wish others to act so you can start a change, no matter how big or small it is. Gandhi is telling us that a personal and a social transformation can become viral and affect other people’s lifes in a good way. So by this he suggest that a personal transformation can become something greatter. A perfect example is the wise Gandhi because he used his personality and his thoughts of nonviolence to change the world. In order to bring a positive change into the world we need to engage to the outer worl but also with ourself, we need to cultivate ove and peace in our day by day life, so that love and peace can grow and become contagiuose. The quote â€Å"Be the change you wish to see in the world† bu Mahatma Gandhi means that if you want to turn the world into a better place, you need to start by turning yourself into a better you. For me, this quotes it’s true by several reason. You need to be an example, by this I mean that if you want to see a transformation, you need to act as you wish others to act so you can start a change, no matter how big or small it is. Gandhi is telling us that a personal and a social transformation can become viral and affect other people’s lifes in a good way. So by this he suggest that a personal transformation can become something greatter. A perfect example is the wise Gandhi because he used his personality and his thoughts of nonviolence to change the world. In order to bring a positive change into the world we need to engage to the outer worl but also with ourself, we need to cultivate ove and peace in our day by day life, so that love and peace can grow and become contagiuose. The quote â€Å"Be the change you wish to see in the world† bu Mahatma Gandhi means that if you want to turn the world into a better place, you need to start by turning yourself into a better you. For me, this quotes it’s true by several reason. You need to be an example, by this I mean that if you want to see a transformation, you need to act as you wish others to act so you can start a change, no matter how big or small it is. Gandhi is telling us that a personal and a social transformation can become viral and affect other people’s lifes in a good way. So by this he suggest that a personal transformation can become something greatter. A perfect example is the wise Gandhi because he used his personality and his thoughts of nonviolence to change the world. In order to bring a positive change into the world we need to engage to the outer worl but also with ourself, we need to cultivate ove and peace in our day by day life, so that love and peace  can grow and become contagiuose.

Leading Teams

Part I: Explain how you perceive your leadership style within the context of (a) the team you were assigned to during the course and (b) any another team you were a member of. The term leadership has been defined in many ways according to Howard Gardner (1995). President Harry Truman, an infamous leader could lead people to do what they do not want to do yet like it (Gardner, 1995; cited in Parker &ump; Begnaud, 2004).Eileen Ford from a well-established modeling agency defines leadership as the â€Å"ability to convince people to do what you want them to do as if they have thought of it themselvesâ€Å"(Karns &ump; Bean, cited in Parker &ump; Begnaud, 2004). Leadership guru Warren Bennis describes leadership as â€Å"those who make a contribution makes a difference in the organization, thus giving meaning to his or her work† (Czarnecki, 2010). In our times of innovation and change, my personal leadership have style involves a great deal of flexibility.At work, as the princip al of the Child Learning Center in the Saudi National Guard Health Affairs, I have strived to create an environment that is warm and inviting as well as nurturing. In my team during this course, I tried to look for what is best in each team member. One of my favorite quotes is by Albert Einstein states that â€Å"Everybody is a genius. But if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid. † I believe that you have to respect not only people’s needs, but also their pain and their vulnerability.From my work experience I have found that a lot of battles are about very personal things. I try my best to be attuned to the unspoken needs that people play out in the workplace and teams. People are people in whatever setting — they bring their luggage of stuff, we all do — and the dynamics in the workplace are a function of the interaction of what we all have in our suitcases. I can’t change that. Y ou can acknowledge it. You can give it space. You can give it air and light.In the end, it can’t rule the day, either, because in the workplace there are higher things and rules that are going to guide what we need to do here. It’s helpful to know that, and be aware of it as a leader, and it’s even better if your team is aware of it and feels that you’re not trying to change who they are. I believe that a team leader impact the team’s mood by modeling a positive state. Attitudes are contagious. When you smile, you make others happy. When you concentrate on being the positive factor in your team's day, their productivity goes up.When you seek out good things to say about others, you will find more good things about them. This is not coincidental. This is the power of being positive. My attitude has the power to not only lift me up or pull me down, but affect my team in the same way. I try to look for the positives in situations. And remember, as the saying goes, that I need â€Å"to accept the things I cannot change, and the courage to change the things I can†. I simply need the wisdom to know the difference between the two.I try hard to focus on only the things I can directly influence. Work at making a positive difference on those things. In Goleman, Daniel â€Å"Leading Resonant Teams† interview he mentioned that â€Å"The emotional system of the brain — unlike any other biological system in the body — is designed to be regulated not just internally but externally, in our relationships with other people. The circulatory system is a closed loop. But emotions are an open loop system. In other words, our brain is designed so that other people can help us manage our emotions better. Therefore, as a leader I must establish a set of ground rules for the way we work together, both by example in my own behavior and by commenting on the behavior of others and helping people do better. In other words, as a leader I need to help the team become more self-aware. Self-awareness is a prerequisite for the team’s ability to manage its own emotions, and deal with issues rather than burying them. Another component that is an important part of my leadership style is the ability to understand change. In my observation, change is a given.We are in a fast changing environment so therefore to manage it more effectively, as a leader. I must first accept it. An effective leader must be able to know what to do at all time. I must always have a plan but also be willing to change it. I realize that there will be bumps in the road that I do not expect and I must be willing to make changes to combat those changes. I believe that each of us can access our inner resources to become a more effective leader in our own field. But first we must be willing to take initiative and stand for something we believe in passionately.We must be ready to take the heat. Many of us avoid the responsibility of lead ership primarily because we are too sensitive to criticism. But when we know who we truly are and we live from an inner core of values, criticism can be filtered to take in only what is true and helpful to our growth. Part II Explain how you studied during this course and how you performed during this course in? class. Provide details of how you approached the course material, including all activities you did in relation to learning the concepts of teams.During this course I made sure that I finish reading all the required materials, I found the website (leader to leader) to be very helpful, especially the interview with Goleman, Daniel. I skimmed through the reading first and looked at the section headings so that I know the types of information that I'm going to be looking at because I know that the brain can only learn between 5 and 9 new concepts in a session. So I give myself several days to repeatedly rehearse and go over the material. I have read once that it takes about 24 h ours for the brain to process information to make it permanent, the more rehearsal, the more permanent it'll be.What I learned was that, some things are best done by a group than by an individual. I found that sometimes its ok delegate to other members tasks which are not my forte and concentrate on the one's I am good at. Being in a group made me experience different roles, if my idea was the one that the group agrees on, I got to be the leader, sometimes I get to follow other member’s plan. Being a Team leader does not mean managing the team, but help the team solve problems in order to be more effective.Rather than optimal leadership style, I leaned that different types of leaders are useful in different situations, and leaders are more important in some situation than others. But as much as possible, I learned how to be a good listener and patient when other members talk. We found it to be very helpful to set deadlines to get things done. Conflict is better handled when y ou talk it out with the people involved and let them understand how their roles impact the project and how this conflict affects the team’s goal. Finally I think that good communication it’s the key to successfully finish any project.

Financial Management in Nonprofit Organizations Research Paper

Financial Management in Nonprofit Organizations - Research Paper Example As for example, social service organizations are required to be more specific with their financial reporting practices so as to comply with the existing rules and regulations. Next, religious nonprofit organizations have vital issues related to the complex requirements of its memberships. Management of finances in nonprofit organizations is quite a challenging task. The sources of revenues of nonprofit organizations are very much vulnerable to changes in political environment or economic issues. Nonprofit organizations being accountable to public require more accurate and reliable presentation of information by the financial management team. The fiscal health of nonprofit organizations can be inferred from its financial statements prepared by the financial mangers. This essay gives a descriptive view about the application of financial management in nonprofit organizations by taking into account various aspects like their fund sources, utilization of its debts, performance evaluation techniques used by them and the governance mechanisms used. It ends with a conclusion and a few recommendations that can be suggested. Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 Introduction 5 Sources of Funds 5 Use of Debt 7 Performance Evaluation 8 Efficient use of contributions 9 Fulfilling organizational objectives 10 Government Mechanisms 11 Conclusion 11 References 13 Introduction A nonprofit organization can be defined as a group which operates for purpose like public services and are not driven by profit motive aspect. The incomes that are generated from nonprofit organizations are usually not shared with the members of the organization. Nonprofit organizations can be in the fields of education, health, human services, environment, etc. Individual grants and donations are the primary sources of funds for nonprofit organizations. Both equity and debt can form the capital structure of the nonprofit organizations but equity is preferred more. This is because loans are not easily ava ilable for them due to the unavailability of sufficient collateral and cash flow requirements sought by the banks. Several plans can be employed by the nonprofit organizations for their sustainability and achieving their objectives. Many performance evaluation techniques are also available to help boosting their performance and maintain it for a long term. Government funding can also form a key component and most nonprofit organizations are engaged in several contractual agreements with the government. Hence, managing finance is a vital issue for the continued growth and sustainability of the nonprofit organizations. Sources of Funds Any organization’s plan is the basis of formulation of a successful fund raising strategy. Understanding of the proper funding requirements of an organization and its sources constitutes a good organizational plan. The formulated plan should be balanced too. For any nonprofit organization, the primary sources of funds are as follows: a. Grants: F unding through grants is available from either the charitable trusts or from the public sector. These funds are not meant to be repaid and are usually tax exempted. In most of the cases grants are associated with some conditions like, attainment of particular results, achievement of certain milestones that have been agreed upon, excess unutilized money are to be returned back, providing regular progress report of the utilization of the money, etc. Hence, before

How far is it true that madness before the enlightenment is understood Essay

How far is it true that madness before the enlightenment is understood in primarily religious terms - Essay Example This period was to see a great positive shift in tyranny, ignorance, superstition and to build a good reputation in the world (Macdonald, 1981). With this plan, the enlightenment had hereditary domination by aristocrats and religion as their sole targets. The logic behind the Enlightenment period is all about Christianity as far as religion is concerned. From Italy to England to France, this major vibrant religion had its ideas affect day-to-day lives of many. Ideally, there would not have been any form of enlightenment without Christianity. Churchmen almost had equal rights and powers as emperors and many other rulers that existed then with some privileges being exemption from paying taxes (J. Schmidt, 2007). Philosophers, thinkers and scholars like John Locke and Voltaire sparked the enlightenment. Other significant names during this period were Isaac Newton, who was a great physicist and later recognized as father of modern physics, and Baruch Spinoza. These are just but a few int ellectuals who saw religion as a â€Å"cage† that bared man from success and development. They also articulated scientific revolution, which would later spread overseas to the rest of the world (Jeremy Schmidt, 2007). Popularly known as the â€Å"Dark Ages,† this movement brought logical positivism to people. Life initially had been all about God and that the rupture is uncertain when the pure in heart would be live in Heaven forever. Because of this, intellects were to be the elites of their time as they acted sources of credible information (Allen, 2008). There was an overall rise in ideas based on empiricism and credible philosophy hence their application in a variety of areas like biology, physics, chemistry and political economy. All these theories attacked the church and the state directly. Christians today have the question of possibly knowing the truth as their main foundational philosophical challenge. The human mindset has taken two dimensions in our society today. Either one is of relativism or skepticism. Relativism is based on the statement that there is really no fixed truth. Skepticism on the other hand says the truth lives but we cannot know it (Midelfort, 1999). As preachers spread the word across the entire world, these two mindsets affect all the claims of truth for Christians of these days. Religious Perceptions about God Way back before Enlightenment God was like sunrise. Choosing the path of God was seen as a way of having all human questions answered and accompanied problems solved amicably. Christianity had its feet on the Bible as a way of knowing God. Bibles were Holy books from which people got the relevant knowledge they needed to stay close to their creator. The Old Testament was in its capacity a form of ‘constitution’ that had all solutions to political questions. Historical events were seen as a service to God’s will and they were understood to work according to God’s plan (Feld, 2011). S torms, floods and heavy rains were believed to be a form of â€Å"communication† from a supernatural being. Therefore, these events were not just chances. God was always involved ever since He created the world with everything in it many years before Christ with man being the highest level of His creation. Christ was the son of God who lived among the people, brought the Godly message, and later ascended to Heaven. To this there was a strong belief will be a last Judgment when Christ will return and few will be chosen for an eternal life. This, to some, made the

Famine in Southern Sudan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Famine in Southern Sudan - Essay Example The history of civil wars in Sudan is long and has its beginning in the middle of the last century. But Sudanese have never before been faced to such massive famine. The number of victims is varied in the estimations made by the different agencies and scientists – the limits could be presented as 100,000 – 250,000 lost lives (Creusvaux H. et al., 1999). The actions of the Sudanese government were directed not only against rebels but also against their social base, i.e. civilians. The violations of human rights became a general rule in Southern Sudan. â€Å"Divide et empire† – this principle of Roman Caesars was successfully applied in the conditions of one of the poorest countries of the world. Since the beginning of civil war complicated with local ethical conflicts, the rural population of Southern Sudan was pauperized by driving cattle out, burning crops, massacres and seizing Dinkas and Jur people as war booty (HRF, 1998). Mass murdering of civilians and pauperizing make people leave their homeland and increased dependence of refugees on the external relief. Nevertheless, the Sudanese government prohibited all relief flights into the rebel-held province of Bahr El Ghazal. The ban lasted several months and many people did not get urgently needed food because of the political ambitions of Sudanese Muslim leaders. But even after ban canceling the situation was not changed for better - the start-up lag time was too significant. People did not get not only foodstuffs but also seeds for planting (FAO, 1998).

Hip-Hop as Black Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hip-Hop as Black Music - Essay Example The first few chapters of the book dig out the exact origin of hip-hop which is an amalgamation of rap music, break-dancing and graffiti art. The social condition of New York in the 1970’s played a crucial role in hip-hop’s origination. According to Jeff Chang, the building of the Cross-Bronx road laid grounds for the birth of hip-hop music. The building of this road forced almost 60,000 people to relocate to other neighborhoods. Thus, while the white people moved to better places like the Westchester Country, the black and brown communities retreated to South Bronx which was annihilated economically. â€Å"Where once apartment buildings or private homes had stood were now hills of rubble, decorated with ripped-open bags of rotting garbage that had been flung atop them† and though there was an increase in social housing in the area, there were barely any jobs. Almost 80% of the youth were left jobless. Thus, gangs were formed by the American-African and Afro-Cari bbean mostly to revolt against the â€Å"white-gangs† who were already present in the neighborhood. Thus from Chang’s presentation of the historical settings it is evident that origin of this art form was in the impoverished South Bronx areas where â€Å"where a complex maelstrom of social and political forces at play in the 1950s, 60s, and early 70s left the African-American and Hispanic communities searching for a way out of a lives of poverty, gang-dominated crime, and drugs†.... One of the bases of the music is racism. Discrimination, loss of jobs, fake promises and deindustrialization paved the way for the â€Å"gang-culture†. Gangs like Black Panthers safeguarded the interests of the blacks and rebelled against the whites. Similarly, several other gangs came into existence. Puerto Rican revolutionaries and Bronx gangs joined hands with drug dealers and other illicit groups against the government. Thus, gradually and eventually a firm footed unity enveloped between the gangs. Chang also talks about some of the well-known pioneers and inventors of hip-hop music who started making their name in these gangs. DJ Kool herc was the inventor of hip-hop music and the best known DJ in the whole of New York City and was an immigrant from Kingston (Chang, pg-69). He created a new way of playing music, inspired by Jamaican sound culture, and became a renowned DJ. Along the same lines, Chang has also written about the emergence of another famous DJ- Afrika Bambaa taa who previously led a gang called Black Spade. Here we are able to understand that the impoverished areas hosted a lot of parties where. The parties were held as an alternative to gang life. Herc created his own music and recited words according to beats, thereby becoming laying grounds for rapping. Thus, hip-hop slowly emerged as a party movement where most people presented new music forms. These youth who were jobless and impoverished slowly developed an identity and brought in hip-hop music. In the next section, Chang describes the politics associated with hip-hop music. The political atmosphere caused a transformation of hip-hop music from a party music to a more politically inclined art form. The music form was implicitly political in the sense that youth from diverse national backgrounds

The Effect of Music on the Mind and Leaning Abilities Essay

The Effect of Music on the Mind and Leaning Abilities - Essay Example Music is a stimulus perceived by hearing and had been described as the language of the soul on the basis of the properties believed to have effects on emotions and other aspects of a person’s well being such as the cognition, mental action and even leaning capabilities. Based on motivational and therapeutic studies, music can make a person achieve a relaxed feeling and accomplishment. Due to the said effects, music can help a person achieve volition or an â€Å"act of will† that helps in achieving a certain decision, which can be considered as a positive effect (Crowe 142). The effects of music on any form of problematic situation then can be considered as motivation and therapeutic. For that matter, such practice had been recognized to have positive and productive effects and referred to as the music therapy. Due to the observed effect of music, it had been explored and applied to different process to help conditions of the mind and emotion. The said interest then in r elation of the effects of music is the main connection of the study undertaken. That is to be able to concentrate on the research undertaken related to the functions of the mind and the performance of learners upon exposure to measurable and quantifiable musical input.

External Environment, Internal Environment and SWOT Analysis Essay

External Environment, Internal Environment and SWOT Analysis - Essay Example On November 24, 2005 the company was awarded a patent for its ground breaking technology which utilizes banana tree trunks as the raw material to produce paper (Papyrusaustralia, 2009). A SWOT analysis will help us understand the internal and external environment of the company. Papyrus Australia is start up company with an innovative product that will revolutionize the paper industry. The company has a patented technology which gives it a monopoly for at least 17 years. There is surplus of raw in the word due to the fact there are over 25 million banana trees in the world (Prospectus, 2005).The energy utilization for a manufacturing plant is extremely low and a complete manufacturing facility can be set up in farm in a small space of 500 square meters. The water expense of the manufacturing facility is cero. The plantation actually receives the additional benefit of obtaining free water to irrigate the banana trees since the actual tree from which the truck is extracted is made up of 60% water, which can be put to good use since it has to be disposed of anyways during the manufacturing process. The production of the banana paper is limited to the size of the farm. The business model does not consider the transportation cost of bringing in banana tree trunks as raw material from other farms. There are logistical problems associated with the producing banana trees because has to set up a large network of manufacturing plants across the world. The operation is dependent on penetration the Sub-Saharan African region which is one of the most underdeveloped regions in the world. The company has not shown yet they can mass produce their product. The company is still in the adolescence stage of its business life cycle. Due to the fact that the company is starting out from scratch there are plenty of opportunities for business expansion. Africa is focus point for

Juvenile Deliquency Essay Example for Free

Juvenile Deliquency Essay How does juvenile delinquenct affects an individual education The investigator has discovered that juvenile delinquency effects on individual education in many ways majority of the respondents said that criminal record viewed possessed by a juvenile delinquent is viewed negatively when applying for a job or trying to go overseas because of delinquent activities the juvenile the juvenile caught doing by the law. Failure to achieve set goal is cause by juvenile hiding away from school to do delinquent activities. Another factor is that juvenile could be expel from school because of getting into fights, stealing and having arguments with teacher. When applying for a job is also another factor which juvenile delinquency may affects an individual’s education due to the fact that the juvenile as expel from school and didn’t get subject needed to qualify for the job. Common causese of juvenile delinquency Having concluded on the deemed roots of juvenile delinquency the resident believed that poverty mostly causes juvenile delinquency in community x. This is because most parents in this community are unemployed and cannot feed their children, so out of hunger these children will go of the out way to do delinquent things just to have a meal. Neglect also causes juvenile delinquency reason being is that every juvenile needs love and attention. If a child is not getting attention they needs due to the fact that he/she is living in a single parent family, the child will seeks the easiest and quickest way to get attention. Thus this child might get attention from someone who is delinquent and this person might motivate the juvenile to do negative act, this was stated by the resident. Peer pressure was also indicated as a cause by the resident this is because every child do what they are motivated to do or what they see their peer is doing and things its good. A small amount of the responden ts agrees that physical and mental is a cause. They said that every juvenile who is being abuse tend to react negatively to person in the society and have an hatred in their heart who tries to be nice to them. Effective ways to reduce juvenile delinquency There are many effective ways which could be used to reduce juvenile  delinquency. A large percentage of the stated that juvenile needs more access to information because if they get more information the juvenile will know the penalties which they have to face after committing the delinquent act. Introducing more guidance is also another way to reduce juvenile delinquency because if the juvenile is guided in the right path they will not stray from it. Having seminar will help delinquent persons to learn certain values and attitude, and that if being delinquent they will only be poor contributors to the society. Parenting skill seminars will also help reduce juvenile delinquency because parent attends the seminars would be thought certain things like they must not be neglect full to their children which may leads to juvenile seeking attention and find it at the wrong place.

Contribution Of Women To Embroidery Work Cultural Studies Essay

Contribution Of Women To Embroidery Work Cultural Studies Essay The present study is about the contribution of women in handicrafts. The current theme of research regarding handicrafts is to find out the type of embroidery work that women do in their houses and also the problems and benefits they get from their embroidery work. While there is a lot of researches are presented on this topic but there is a lack of attention on those home base women workers and their contribution in handicrafts (embroidery). This study would add a knowledge and information to the existing one. Moreover in Pakistan this work is impossible without womens contribution. So, it would also help us to understand the women problems regarding their works. Handicrafts are items made by hand, often with the use of tools, and are generally artistic and traditional in nature. They include objects of utility and objects of decoration. (Geographical Indications of Goods Act, 1999).Handicrafts are the things that are produce completely by hand or with the help of tool. They also kn own as craft work in which useful and decorative things are used to complete it. Generally the term is used to traditional way of making things. Handicrafts are unique ideas that represent a culture and tradition of a country and it is most important in terms of economic development. Handicrafts are the mirror of culture, tradition and the beauty of this work is depending upon the artistic sense of the workers and also on the quality of material and art. Pakistan has a rich history of handicrafts. The great workers of Pakistan have great skills to show their care in craftsmanship and beauty, dignity, form and style are main components of Pakistani culture. (Shaukat, 2006) Handicrafts are the mixture of significance and artistic feeling of its people who assess the level of culture and expressions of national identity. People serve them with cotton, thread, silk, wool, metals, wood and stone and use their talent to shape these things in beautiful designs so in this way, actually they play very important function for the society. (Quddus, 1992) Handicrafts are also most important symbol in terms of economic development. Economically home based work has helped men and women both for the long time period. Now a days this market get progress and became internationalized but men get more benefits from it then women and move to the many profitable areas and the adaptation of these workers into unorganized sector have made women more insecure and lead them to the exploitation of their skills. (Gyanendra Dastidar, 2000) The fact is that more wealthy countries have less informal economy but developing countries more expansive one. Denmark has 18 percent, Nigeria and Thailand 80 per cent informal economy as compared to their respective formal economies, there is nothing insulting to confess the fact that Pakistan has an informal economy of about 70 per cent. (Bhatti, 2002) The craftsmen and craftswomen of Pakistan both struggle hard to survive; they express their environs and objects in their beautiful production or art for their profit. There are so many crafts that give the Pakistan a place of compliment in the international crafts. (Sarfaraz, 1987) The credit goes to the craftsperson that makes the very important link between the various traditions through his art or work within the country. Each region has rich in its crafts and the crafts persons of that region put their full effort or feelings in their work. Every region has specialized in its handicrafts and there is variety of its traditional handicrafts. Like the important handicrafts of Baluchistan region are Baluchi embroidery, leather work, carpets and rugs, jewellery, pottery and basketry. NWFP has a rich tradition in textiles including embroidery and block-printing, basketry, leather, wood and metal work. Sindh has a wide variety in textiles in which sindi embroidery, silk, ajrak, block-p rinting and tie-and-die is very famous work, bangles, lacquer work, jewellery and pottery. Punjab is a land of five rivers and very famous for its local cotton textiles, embroidery, gotta work, basketry, tile and wood work, the silks, ivory, silver work and naqshi art. (Hussain, 1984) Handicrafts involve the different types of creation including clothing, religious symbols and jewelry, and different types of paper crafts. (Malcolm Tatum, 2003) There are hundreds if not thousands of different varieties of handicrafts. Carpets Textile The carpet-making tradition of Pakistan is old for the thousands of years. 4000-5000 year ago Weaving was a developed as an art in the Mohenjo-Daro in Sind. In the 16th Century, The handmade carpets produced in Lahore. Islamic designs are part of the culture that depicts in Knotted woolen carpets and very famous in both South Asia and the Middle East. Fine carpets are produced in Pakistan especially in Karachi and Lahore. (Shaukat, 2006) In textiles, Sindhis bedspreads and shawls are popular and its mirror work and ajrak are also famous, Doz in Baluchistan, Phulkari work of Hazara and Sawat, kashmirs kashidakari and cotton Lungies and gotta work of Punjab are magnificent work. (Sarfaraz, 1987) Appliquà ©, Crocheting, Embroidery, Knitting, Lace-making, Macramà ©, Quilting, Weaving are also included in textile handicrafts. (Ruskin Morris) Brass, Onyx Wood Crafts The Handicrafts obviously through Brass, onyx and wood are our traditional handicrafts and are able to be proud. Our hard-working craftsmen put their effort to the carving on metal and wood item and make them very beautiful. Craftsman made these items in small villages and it can easily be purchased in big cities. Metal lanterns, mirror frames, decoration pieces and many other things are included in such crafts. (Shaukat, 2006) Pottery The pottery is very common almost in every village. Bahawalpur, Rawalpindi, Gujrat and its surrounded places are famous for colorful pottery. Multans blue glazed pottery is also very familiar since the 13th century. Copper and brass work is mostly done in Lahore. Ceramics and glazed pottery are the oldest art in Pakistan. Blue design techniques are very famous in Pakistan. Pakistani potters are well-known for making the intricate tiles that are used to beautify mosques and public buildings. (Shaukat, 2006) Woodcrafts Wood-carving, Wood-turning, Cabinet making, Furniture making, lacquer ware include in woodcrafts. The furniture of Pakistan is well-known in the whole world for its attractive designs and the artistic sense of the worker. Pakistan has a good wood, Shesham is one of them solid wood and only find in Pakistan. The furniture of this wood is very prominent in the whole world for its finishing. (Shaukat, 2006) Jewelry Leather goods Carved swords, boxes, dishes and tea sets are metal work that is made from silver and gold and precious stones and pearls jewellery are very important crafts. Necklaces, bracelets, rings, hair and forehead decorations and nose ornaments are the main items of jewellery. Leatherwork and basketry are also important crafts. The baskets of Sindh are colorful and complicated, while weavers in the Northwest Frontier prefer geometric patterns. (Shaukat, 2006) Embroidery Embroidery is the art or handicraft of decorating cloth or other materials with needle and thread or wool. Workers also enhance its beauty with uses of other materials such as metal strips, pearls, beads, quills, and sequins. Embroidery is an ancient textile art which uses strands of embroidery floss or wool to create a picture in thread on canvas, linen or other cloth. It forms a part of needlework. Embroidery has recognized as a creative expression of people and it is storage of our oral traditions which have been maintained by the women. (Dhamija, 2004) Embroidered textiles are often used to decorate living spaces, temporary or permanent, impressive or modest depend upon choice and the sense of owner. Historically, embroidered textiles shows the wealthy and influence touch of rulers, courtiers, and courtesans. Among South Asias many people are identified by this textiles frequently, personal status or religious affiliation. (Gluckman, 2007) The folk embroidery tradition deeply exists in the Punjab. Village women still practice the craft, also stitching bed and cushion covers and a variety of other cloths, but the art probably reached its peak in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. (Beste, 2009) In Pakistan embroidery goes back since time immemorial. Bronze needles were excavated out at Mohenjo-Daro. (Sarfaraz, 1987) However, embroidery is a full activity of female and they individually do this work at their homes and it is not as organized work as any other works. (Hussain, 1984) Embroidery is a work that offered women to freely express their feelings by hand and it is also convenient for them to do this in the home. Women embroidered depict all kinds of traditions, nature and their family life also. Women are more dominated in textile work especially in embroidery. (Hashmi, 1987) Embroidery uses various stitches and combinations of stitches. Each embroidery stitch has a special name to help identify it. There are many different styles of embroidery, often with regional variations. Baluchi Embroidery Baluchi mirror work is very famous and also called sheeshagi. In this embroidery small pieces of round mirrors are coated on cloth with button-hole stitch. (Magsi, 1987) Traditionally Baluchi women do it in their homes. Baluchi pushk is very familier and make in traditional seven colours; black, maroon, purple, dark blues, greens, orange and white. (Hussain, 1984) Sindhi Embroidery Sindhi embroidery is covered with flowers and petals with colourful threads by the artistic hands of women. In this embroidery, women used beads, sea shells, precious stones and other pieces of peacock features to enhance its beauty. It is also interesting that women learnt all sindhi embroidery from their mothers and neighbors. The outstanding embroidery of sindh is patch work done on sari, kurta, kanjro, polki , pti, dhanak, pehran and shalwar. (Shah, 1987) Phulkari Phulkari embroidery is an embossed work done on handspun and hand-woven cotton clothes. It is embroidered with untwisted silk thread and mostly geometrical and floral designs are made in it. (Ram, 1987) The centre of this work is Hazara in Pakistan and Punjab is also famous of this work. (Quddus, 1992) Kashmiri Embroidery Kashmiri embroidery is a type of appliquà © work, using waste woolen fabrics and kashida wrought on various kinds of clothing and the cloth used is either silk or wool. (Dhamija, 2004) It is extremely a delicate and refined work and look likes almost drawings and geometrical patterns. The main varieties of Kashmiri embroidery is namda and gabba. (Quddus, 1992) Chikan embroidery Chikan embroidery is a fine needle-craft done by hand mostly using white thread on a variety of fabrics from cotton and silk to synthetics. It is the most famous fine art of embroidery at word level, and is famous not only in India, but also abroad. (Sarna Shukla, 1994)White work White work is embroidered in white thread, on pure white fabric; it is not at all difficult, and not very expensive. The tools for white work embroidery are minimal. The fabric that is used in this work is depending on the person that is according to demand, it may be white muslin, weave or linen. Appliquà © work Appliquà © work is every kind of embroidery which, being worked solidly on one material is then cut out and lay down upon another, and secured by various ornamental stitches. (Dhamija, 2004) In this type of embroidery, different pieces of clothes are cut out in the number of shapes and then pasted them in the basic fabric by using different stitches. (Ram, 1987) Zari embroideries From the second half of 18th century until the early 20th century, two different types of gold embroidery found ready patrons; these were: zardozi work, heavy silver-gilt thread work upon a foundation padded with cotton thread or paper, on velvet or sation ground; and Kalabattu work: light delicate embroidery, in gilt-silver or silver threads, strips of gilt-silver, gilt-silver sequins, upon fine silk cotton or muslin. Punjab is very famous for its zari work. (Dhamija, 2004) Embroidery work is a time-consuming work but in Pakistan traditionally women do it in their homes and pass this art to their daughters too. (Hussain, 1984)

Disposable Containers for a Disposable Environment :: Expository Exemplification Essays

Disposable Containers for a Disposable Society As society goes through its day-to-day activities, it consumes an enormous amount of liquids. Of course, those liquids are packaged in various types of apparatuses, many of which are disposable. But disposable to whom? "Out of sight-out of mind," maybe? Granted, disposable and throwaway containers are a convenience for the moment, but they are rapidly becoming a devastating eye sore. Disposable bottles and cans invite enormous hazards to the environment. Disposable containers create unsightly neighborhoods and countryside. While driving this weekend, I counted 28 Dr. Pepper bottles and 14 Diet Coke cans in a 2Â ½-mile span of roadway. Our neighborhoods and countryside are being plagued daily by enormous amounts of empty bottles and cans. People don't think twice about pitching their empties out of the car window. An uncaring attitude is taking over society. Although Coca-Cola seems to be reaping the benefits of our fast-paced, thirsty society, our beautiful land is not so lucky. On Saturdays, I see Boy Scout Troop 99 picking up trash using separate sacks for the bottles and the cans. By noon, their total bottle and can collection for a one-mile radius generally fills about 17 large garbage bags. Obviously, this is proof that these disposable bottles and cans are destroying the beauty of our neighborhoods. Another example I have encountered is the ugliness presented on Highway 66 between Luther and Wellston. Again, it is common to se e paper sacks full of bottles and cans thrown to the side of the road. Subsequently, the bottles break in pieces over the side of the highway, threatening flat tires for the motorists. Playgrounds are demolished by cans left behind after picnics on Sunday afternoons. Parks have been invaded by party groups too lazy to hit the trash cans. Instead, glass is broken and left behind for others to deal with. In addition to blemishing our neighborhoods and countrysides, disposable bottles and cans cause hazards to the wildlife. Disposable bottles and cans result in tremendous dangers to wildlife in our environment. For the buyer's convenience, throwaway cans are packaged using connected plastic rings to hold the cans in a six-pack. But this packaging method is anything but a convenience to our wildlife. Instead, the plastic rings yield tremendous dangers to our lake and pond wildlife. Ducks, geese and many other types of water birds get tangled up in these plastic rings and struggle for hours to break free. Disposable Containers for a Disposable Environment :: Expository Exemplification Essays Disposable Containers for a Disposable Society As society goes through its day-to-day activities, it consumes an enormous amount of liquids. Of course, those liquids are packaged in various types of apparatuses, many of which are disposable. But disposable to whom? "Out of sight-out of mind," maybe? Granted, disposable and throwaway containers are a convenience for the moment, but they are rapidly becoming a devastating eye sore. Disposable bottles and cans invite enormous hazards to the environment. Disposable containers create unsightly neighborhoods and countryside. While driving this weekend, I counted 28 Dr. Pepper bottles and 14 Diet Coke cans in a 2Â ½-mile span of roadway. Our neighborhoods and countryside are being plagued daily by enormous amounts of empty bottles and cans. People don't think twice about pitching their empties out of the car window. An uncaring attitude is taking over society. Although Coca-Cola seems to be reaping the benefits of our fast-paced, thirsty society, our beautiful land is not so lucky. On Saturdays, I see Boy Scout Troop 99 picking up trash using separate sacks for the bottles and the cans. By noon, their total bottle and can collection for a one-mile radius generally fills about 17 large garbage bags. Obviously, this is proof that these disposable bottles and cans are destroying the beauty of our neighborhoods. Another example I have encountered is the ugliness presented on Highway 66 between Luther and Wellston. Again, it is common to se e paper sacks full of bottles and cans thrown to the side of the road. Subsequently, the bottles break in pieces over the side of the highway, threatening flat tires for the motorists. Playgrounds are demolished by cans left behind after picnics on Sunday afternoons. Parks have been invaded by party groups too lazy to hit the trash cans. Instead, glass is broken and left behind for others to deal with. In addition to blemishing our neighborhoods and countrysides, disposable bottles and cans cause hazards to the wildlife. Disposable bottles and cans result in tremendous dangers to wildlife in our environment. For the buyer's convenience, throwaway cans are packaged using connected plastic rings to hold the cans in a six-pack. But this packaging method is anything but a convenience to our wildlife. Instead, the plastic rings yield tremendous dangers to our lake and pond wildlife. Ducks, geese and many other types of water birds get tangled up in these plastic rings and struggle for hours to break free.

Hemp Legalization Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Drug Essays

Hemp Legalization THE PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT The purpose of this report is to show the need to reform the present marijuana/hemp law in the United States in order to make hemp available for industrial purposes. The first thing that I will do is define marijuana and hemp in order to avoid confusion. An explanation of how the present marijuana/hemp law originated will be given after that. Then I will define and describe the present law concerning marijuana and hemp. I will then define the specific aspect of the marijuana/hemp law that I feel needs to be changed. Some industrial and environmental needs will then be listed. I will then demonstrate how the industrial and environmental needs of the United States can be fulfilled. THE DEFINITIONS OF MARIJUANA AND HEMP There is a large amount of confusion about the distinction between marijuana and hemp. Hemp is an actual plant that was originally located in Asia. It can be used for many purposes. The hemp plant is most commonly used for extraction of the drug marijuana. Marijuana is a drug obtained from the flowering tops, stems, and leaves of the hemp plant. It is a drug with hallucinogenic properties that people smoke in order to get high (www.encyclopedia.com). HOW THE PRESENT MARIJUANA LAW ORIGINATED The technical name of the present law outlawing marijuana is the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937. It originated in a very corrupt manner. Before the drug of marijuana was common, the hemp plant was used for industrial purposes on a small scale. The production of products with hemp was still a new process, and the process didn?t get a chance to fully develop before the hemp plant became illegal. The drug of marijuana first earned its reputation as an intoxicant in the... ...es, or they should start over and write a new law. The changes should be made because of the things that I discussed in this report: the law was passed under corrupt circumstances, the product of hemp is not being used for industrial purposes, and hemp is a very environment friendly product. Works Cited Gochmanosky, Nicole. "Hemp/Marijuana Legalization-Its Time Has Come." 27 Oct 1999. 2 pp. Available www: http://www.sandi.net Scotty J. "Legalize." 29 Nov 1999. 1 pp. Available www: http://www.legalize.com "Marijuana Tax Act of 1937." 27 Oct 1999. 1 pp. Available www: http://www.altereduniv.com "Marijuana." 27 Nov 1999. 1 pp. Available www: http://www.encyclopedia.com "Reefer Madness." 27 Oct 1999. 1 pp. Available www: http://www.dvddiscounts.com "Still Crazy After All These Years." 27 Oct 1999. 4 pp. Available www: http://www.norml.org

Director of Census 2000 Speaks :: Free Essay Writer

Director of Census 2000 Speaks â€Å"Let’s take a minute to think about how America lives,† Dr. Kenneth Prewitt, director of Census 2000, said to a gathering of students at Boston University today. â€Å"We have people living in igloos, houseboats, tree houses and cabins in the woods,† Prewitt said. â€Å"America is not a neat little row of urban houses.† â€Å"The census is two things: a count and assigning geography,† Prewitt explained. â€Å"The purpose of the census is to let the government know where people are.† At its peak, Census 2000 will be the third largest advertiser in the United States. It has poured millions into making sure people know its out there and also making sure that people acknowledge they must respond. However, there are several demographic groups, such as Native Americans and Latinos that are difficult to reach Prewitt blames two things for an undercount: attitude and demographics. Demographically, residents who do not live in one place, such as traveling salesmen who primarily live out of a suitcase, are undercounted along with people who have no where to live at all. Likewise, Native Americans have been previously undercounted because the isolation of reservations makes it difficult and expensive for the Census Bureau to get a count. Attitudinal problems affect people who fear the government, such as illegal aliens, and people who dislike the government. â€Å"We’re trying to talk the country into responding and fulfilling their civic responsibility,† Prewitt said, given the sharp decline in citizen response since the censuses of 1960 and 1970. Census 2000 is not just the government’s scientific exercise or collecting data to redistribute funds and power; this year, the Census Bureau is in partnership with 90,000 community leaders across the country, and the Bureau and the community are sharing the responsibility of getting the right numbers in responses.

Cosmo Thinks I’M Fat: Images of Feminity in Women’s Magazines

Cosmopolitan magazine is â€Å"the lifestylist for millions of fun fearless females who want to be the best they can be in every area of their lives. † The best-selling magazine in its category, Cosmopolitan has 58 international editions, is published in 34 languages and is distributed in over 100 countries. Despite its popularity, a number of leading researchers have suggested that the material presented in these magazines can be damaging to the mental state of its readers in numerous ways.After examining the latest issue of Cosmopolitan magazine, it appears that while there are several examples of degrading advertisements and features a majority of the ads are neutral or positive in tone and help define a more modern, feminist woman. The November 2010 issue of Cosmopolitan definitely displayed a number of advertisements that displayed overtly sexualized images of women. One ad for Skyy Vodka showed a bottle of the vodka situated suggestively between the legs of a woman weari ng red leather boots.An article about Kary Perry has her laying in bed with ample cleavage with a caption reading â€Å"This cleavage is Cosmo-approved. † Jean Kilbourne contends that advertising content can affect people in deep and possibly hurtful ways. â€Å"Sex in advertisting is pornographic because it dehumanizes and objectifies people, especially women. † (Kilbourne) When people are constantly bombarded with images of objectified people–whether men or women–they are conditioned to see each other in dehumanizing ways.This means that the attitudes that can lead to sexual aggression are normalized. Kilbourne maintains that â€Å"Ads don’t directly cause violence, of course. But the violent images contribute to the state of terror. And objectification and disconnection create a climate in which there is widespread and increasing violence. † Kilbourne shows concerns about two trends in fashion and advertising that she cites as cultural re actions to the women’s movement. The first is the increase in images of violence against women.This is seen in an ad for Belvedere Vodka that depicts a woman blindfolded being led to a martini glass with a toothpick with two olives-a phallic representation. The second reaction Kilbourne notes is the increase of violent images depicting children–especially young girls. An ad for JC Penny showed two very youthful models dressed as young school girls ad looking vulnerable. These ads seem to suggest that the age of the objectification of women does still exist within the advertising world.Although some parts of the magazine may have objectified women featured, there were actually more displaying positive female role models. Advertisements for Dove body mist and deodorant portrayed women of different healthy weights, shapes and ethnicities- not for sexual gratification but to show confidence. Their contender, Secret, used the motto â€Å"When you’re strong, you spar kle. † However, the most positive image might have come from the Nike â€Å"Make Yourself† campaign. There were two ads from this campaign in the latest issue of Cosmo.The first read â€Å"Make yourself- Strong† and showed an image of Olympic Track and Field Medalist Allyson Felix. The second read Make Yourself Proud and featured professional dancer Sofia Boutella. This grouping provides a diversity called for by Wolf If the icon of the anorexic fashion model were one flat image out of a full spectrum in which young girls could find a thousand wild and tantalizing visions of possible futures, the icon would not have the power to hurt them. What this suggests is that even though there were some negative images, the range of role odels helps to allow women to find whatever they need to find themselves within the pages of the magazine. According to Kilbourne, our culture defines femininity and masculinity in a way that narrows accepted gender roles. The popular cult ure usually trivializes [relational skills] in women, mocks men who have real intimacy with women and idealizes a template for relationships between men and women that is a recipe for disaster: a template that views sex as more important than anything else, that ridicules men who are not in control of their women, and that disparages fidelity and commitment.These stereotypes of masculinity are found over and over throughout the magazine. A story about Alex Rodriquez reads â€Å"Right now, there’s no guy sexier than A-Rod. Baseball fans are obsessed with him, and three of Hollywood’s most gorgeous women have fallen for him. † Some other comments throughout the magazine bring to mind disturbing images if they had been aimed at women rather than men. ? Brad Pitt: It’s hard to tell who has more testosterone: Brad or his chisled Megamind character Metroman ? Chris Pine: He’s starring in this month’saction packed flick Unstoppable Oh, did e mentio n he takes his shirt off too? ? Fernando Verdasco: Speaking of shirtlessness, this top-ranked tennis hunk has been posting pec-tastic images of himself on Twitter ? Enrique Iglesias- We have mixed feelings about the fact that he used a fan’s camera during a concert to take a shot of his crotch. Rude! But can we see it? In a context where the subjects were women these comments would be extremely unnerving. The significance of these observations appears to show that while the objectification of women may be on the decline, it is on the incline for men.The fight for equality is succeeding, to the detriment of the male gender. Unfortunately, even Kilbourne minimizes the effect that this can have on men. There is a world of difference between the objectification of men and that of women. The most important difference is that there is no danger for most men, whereas objectified women are always at risk. Sometimes risks are more than just physical. Also, the assumption that all men are larger and/or stronger than women seems just as narrow as many other assumptions made in the past.

Cause And Effects

A cause and effect essay aims at explaining the reasons and results of an event or situation. It is one the most popular essay types in the academic world. It is beneficial for a student to write a cause and effect essay because it propels him to think of the situation in depth to come up with the reasons for the birth of that situation and its eventual impact on everything it affects. It encourages the mind to think analytically and investigate a situation in its true light.Writing a cause and effect essay needs key understanding of the topic and keen attention to detail. It may seem like it is an easy thing to do but you cannot go far beyond the introduction if you do not put analytical skills into writing it. Such types of essay basically targets two main points, why the event or situation took place and how did it made its impact. You have to remember to concentrate your cause and effect essay to revolve around these two points and do not let it deviate from its main focus.Cause and effect are two approaches that are closely related so it is sometimes a bit tricky to differentiate between the two. Therefore, it is imperative that you understand the topic properly before approaching it. You should choose an excellent cause and effect topic; the one that you think you can pull off easily as you understand it in more depth than other topics. This topic should help you relate one event to another, ultimately revealing its causes and effects.You should aim at writing it in such a way that it keeps the reader hooked on to it, keeping them on the edge of their seats. Here in this article, we have jotted down some outstanding examples of the cause and effect topics. You can choose the one that suits you the most and goes along well with your writing style. But, do not forget that it should clearly be defined in the context of its cause and effect.

Position of English law in the Malay States and its effect to the local law Essay

While, as for the reception of English law in the Malay states, RJ Wilkinson said : ‘There can be no doubt that Moslem Law would have ended by becoming the law of Malaya had not British law stepped in to check it’. Before the British intervention into Malay states, Malays were governed by Malay adat law and for the non-Malays, they were governed by personal laws or if they were British subjects, English law. These laws continued to apply, subject to modifications made by specific legislation, until the formal reception of the English law. British started to intervene into Malay states using series of concluded treaties with Malay Rulers, in return for British protection against external attack, agreed to accept British advisers whose advice had to be sought and acted upon in all matters except those concerning Islam and Malay custom. It can be seen that through the so-called Residential System, British imposed indirect rule over the Malay states. The formation of the Federated Malay States (FMS) showed that the Malay Rulers seems started to accept the British intervention into Malay states. Reception of English law into FMS can be divided into informal and formal reception. English law was introduced informally through the Residential System in two ways. Firstly, through the Enactment, on the advice of the British administrators, a number of specific legislation modeled on Indian Legislation which, in turn, was based on the English law. Secondly, through the decisions of the courts established by the British administrators. The higher rank of the judiciary were mostly filled by English or English-trained judges who naturally turned into English law whenever they were unable to find any local law to apply to new situations, particularly of a commercial character, caused by the very fact of British influences. For instance, in the case of Government of Perak v Adam (1914), where it is a tort case, involving unlawful obstruction of land belonging to Plaintiff. Woodward JC said: ‘In dealing with cases of torts, this court has always turn for guidance, as a fundamental principle, to English decisions..’ The Judge should have applied Perak law instead of English law. The same goes to in the case of Motor Emporium v Arumugam. It is a case on execution of  judgment through prohibition order. Terrel CJ said: ‘The courts of the FMS have on many occasions acted on equitable principles, not because English rules of equity apply but because such rules happen to conform to the principles of natural justice’. As the Malay states were not British territories, English law could not be imposed through the Common law principle of reception. Malay states were independent and protected states and the Malay Rulers were sovereign. It can be proved in the case of Duff Development Ltd v Government of Kelantan in which the issue was whether the state of Kelantan was a sovereign state and therefore, enjoyed immunity from execution of its property. It has been held that Privy Council acknowledged Kelantan as a sovereign state. Another example is in the case of Pahang Consolidated Co. Ltd. v The State of Pahang (1933) where the same principle applied as the suit against the Defendant could not be maintained because Pahang was one of a sovereign state. British introduced English law through legislation enacted by Malay states themselves. The omnibus introduction of English law took place in the FMS only in 1937, through the Civil Law Enactment passed by FMS Federal Council. Section 2(1) of the Civil Law Enactment 1937 provides that the application of Common law and Equity in FMS as the same like which were enforced in England subject to such qualifications as local circumstances render necessary. Whereas, the Unfederated Malay States (UMS) received the English law formally when the FMS Enactment was extended to them by the Civil Law (Extension) Ordinance 1951. In conclusion, English common law was introduced in Straits Settlements by Charter of Justice while the Malay states, English law was not received formally in the FMS until 1937 and UMS until 1951, but it had been received long before those dates, informally and indirectly.

Signora Da Vinci

Catering is the Signora dad Vinci. She is Leonardo mother. She is the daughter off well-educated man, Ernest, Vine's apothecary. He had an alchemical laboratory, a medicinal garden and an apothecary shop where Catering normally helped. Catering's mom died when she was a baby. Catering was raised by her dad and by her aunt. At the age of eight, his dad decided she was ready to start her education. Ernest told Catering that eight was the greatest of numbers because it was the number of Infinity: It had no beginning and no end.He said: â€Å"Eight is the number of endless possibility. † (p. 8) That day Ernest took Catering to the third floor, a place where she was not allowed to go before. There she found two rooms. Catering explained what she felt when she entered into the rooms. (p. 9) â€Å"When we entered I found myself in a bright, airy, but unadorned room. It was filled with tables, and the surface of every one of them was covered in books† There were dozens of hand- copied books, one manuscript, for example, was one thousand years old.Her father to to have those books and manuscripts because he worked for the Florentine historian and scholar: Pogo Bracingly who also worked for Cosmic De Medici. Cosmic wanted his people to know the ancient Greek and Roman writers and documents that were destroyed with the great library in Alexandria (Egypt. Many of these were hidden from the Christian church fathers, who thought them heretical. Ernest told her daughter that â€Å"What lied within the pages of those books were truths that they couldn't allow to be lost to the World. Truths that had to be learned by her. † And Catering did learn.

Putting Physical Activity Where It Fits in the School Day Essay

Putting Physical Activity Where It Fits in the School Day - Essay Example The intervention that was applied was the ABC (Activity Bursts in the Classroom) for Fitness, which was reported to incorporate brief bursts of activity in the classroom setting throughout the day at the discretion of the teacher. The results indicated that the proposed intervention, the ABC for Fitness Program, was effective in improving academic performance, physical fitness, reduce medication use, and even preserve teaching time. As disclosed, there were limitations in terms of the population not being an effective representative of the cross-section of the children; the use of a relatively small sample size; and virtually limited intervention and follow-up periods. Overall, the study provided relevant insights on the feasibility of classroom-based fitness program without impairment of academic instruction. The reporter found the study beneficial and useful to various academicians and health practitioners in terms of promoting health through the identified ABC for Fitness Program. Its applicability is relatively easy and would not hamper any existing instructional methods or the need to use special resources. As disclosed, the 30 minutes recommended daily physical activity could significantly improve identified crucial variables such as academic performance, physical fitness, and even the use of medications for ADHD and asthma. This study proves that through innovative techniques and with the assistance of dedicated and committed educators, the goals for health promotion programs (HPPP) could be achieved.  

Non Profit Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Non Profit Reflection - Essay Example The larger organizations are required to present published financial reports showing their income and expenditure in details for the public. Bearing in mind that the non profit organization have workers like board members, committee members and others who ensure there operations, it raises eyebrows on their pay. Some may be volunteers but it has been noted that non profit organization are among well paying jobs. These organizations are funded by donations, grants, from public and other organizations hence drawing down a suitable financial plan is very important. Otherwise the non profit organization could free their activities in jeopardy. The non profit organizations have played a great role in the society in offering very important services. Some of the notable are the Mozilla firefox and American Heart Association among others. Mozilla firefox provides free internet services with close to 20% of internet users who access their services absolutely free, surfing and downloading information. The mozilla firefox management relies on donations to get money for maintaining their systems and protecting users from computer crimes that include harking. Firewall has established security features that help protect user as they are browsing. Another means of assisting the management of Mozilla firefox is that, users (meaning us) distribute the browser, update it and maintain it free of charge, having no experience in this field, is give my full support through donations. Being a frequent user of the internet, I find it necessary to fund the program that help me find important information about dignitaries and other issues I ma y be looking up. Another group of donors who made an impact on the American heart association are; Lockhead Martin Range Rover, and Northrup Grumman. Another style that has been used to help fund non profit organization is through some food retailers who place a certain fraction on the price that goes to organizations like American heart Association. These food retailers have a direct influence on our lives and the mange to obtain our money to assist others who are in need. The American heart Association offers free medical services to people with cardio vascular problems to reduce chances of death and possible disabilities like stroke. Alternatively we may offer support by doing some of the things that have been almost forgotten for example participating in marathon run to raise money for heart foundation or jumping a rope. Such activities usually turn out to be very useful for example the Multiple sclerosis bike ride I did some times back. Many family members, friends, and colleagues were very much corporative and raised a lot of funds. Why Fund Non Profit Organizations I have always wondered why it was expensive to visit a game park or National forest for instance. Giving it a second thought, one realizes that there is a lot of manpower involved in maintaining and landscaping the area, these services need to be paid for. I have leant a lot of things and feel that it's sensible to finance. This also applies to other areas like the zoo as the animals need medical attention, food and housing. Some of the non profit

Compare and contrast Christianity with Islam and Judaism Essay

Compare and contrast Christianity with Islam and Judaism - Essay Example All of them rely not so much on internal experience or mystical contact and leadership, as sacred rituals, faith and work, which lead man to God. Each of these religions believes that God has a special â€Å"agreement† (covenant) with his followers, although â€Å"terms and conditions of an agreement† are different. Jews, Christians and Muslims are united by faith in one God. All we pray to one God, compassionate and merciful Creator, but cognize him, at the same time, in totally different ways. St. Simeon, the New Theologian, who lived in Byzantium at the turn of the first and second millennia, gave the best, in my opinion, interpretation of God’s cognition - God is cognized by us so far forth as we can see a boundless sea, standing at night on a coast with a small candle in hands (cited in Neusner, Chilton, and Graham 122). The oldest, out of the three, monotheistic religion of mankind is Judaism. It appeared 1000 BC approximately. The nomadic Hebrew tribes liv ed on the territory of ancient Egypt and around it. Their religious leaders, or prophets, partly borrowed their ideas from religious beliefs, which spread in the region by that time, but with one great difference – they practiced the religion in one Almighty God. Hebrews believe that God requires obedience to a strict moral code and claim that they have a monopoly on the truth, considering, thus, their religion as the only correct one. Christianity inherited from Judaism many of the views, which subsequently became its integral part. â€Å"Both Christianity and Islam recognize Judaism as being a foundation for their beliefs. And Judaism, for its part, recognizes that there is a human history that precedes it.†(Golomb 18)...Belief takes many different forms; these forms are called religions. The word â€Å"religion† is literally translated from Latin as â€Å"connection.† Connection with God. Connection with the Universe. Connection with people around. A l ot of different religions existed and exist now.The main concept of Christianity is a belief in Jesus Christ, the only God-Man, and Savior. Jesus was an orthodox Jew and Christianity emerged as a sect within Judaism. By the way, it is not clear still whether Jesus wanted to create his own religion. Another great truth of Christianity is the Trinity of God. Most Christians, and especially non-Christians, have a very poor understanding of the Tripersonality. Part of Jews and Muslims even believe that Christians are not monotheists, but tritheists. (Muslims believe in one God, who is called God the Father in Christianity). The Christian church included into the Bible Hebrew Scriptures – the Old Testament, a common sacred text of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Islam, the second largest world religion, and Christianity have partly common origin. Islam comes from the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad, who lived in the VII century BC and is based on The Five Pillars of Islam - fiv e essential religious duties. Muslims believe that Allah has spoken through the previous prophets, including Moses and Jesus, who shared faith with Hebrews and Christians before the advent of Muhammad, whose doctrine is the most accurate expression of Allah’s will.

Maritime piracy along the malacca straits in Southeast Asia Research Paper

Maritime piracy along the malacca straits in Southeast Asia - Research Paper Example Singapore th efeoe ecame a typeically diffent stllemntwioth both Euroeopand and Asian elemntsanndintersts, leading to develop,ntof the Irnum maradduing fgnag thth attcejd Englisgh shipps trading inthis region with a passon leadiong to heacy losses and marginally contgruibuted to declining trade in Singapore at this time ( Wong Lin Ken, 1960 82-83). Singapre as explained was creted as a redistruibutin center by western forces Mills (1966, 223) argue wtht Europen powers emp[loyed draconian approaches to reduce clocal comeotyoninteh area nd enjoy a complte monopoly destroyin the indegneous systems,w hich imprecverisehd he local sn and the merachants, who dweeloped sesdneof ravage and a sense f legitimiston attcks on ships along the strait.t he Maly and ghe Illunun were biter rivals and piracy continued thpoighh atck of ships and was at its peak between 1826 and 1836 (Freeman, 180). There the fact th SIngapiore was a destin f o the west heithned pirate attcks on ships tow the countery an d had almost chocked the port sof Singapore (Freeman, 182). The 1849 bid to elimintate pircacy aliong the striat led by te British though asuslton theassialnts (Freeman, 183) 0was reamrble in crating divides between Sinaopre and the restof the region as a choise fo the westen forces (Mitchel 1976, 178). Piracy thrives ina area where it is culteurally acceptable and in ASoutegh east asia, it has been aemvbraced as as an acceptable way oflivfe eaimed at profvding support for poor local villages (Murphy, 17). This explinsw hry teerrosimis more rampant along Indonesian coast whre poverty is much higher (Young, 61) and is not considered as a global problem (). M,oroever, closelnessof the sttes has been a factrt to heighten sensitvuity ion stte soverignity, which has hampred efforts for cordiotna nd intergraton in coabatig the piracy meannce

Research and informatics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Research and informatics - Essay Example The patient safety technology is transforming the way nurses deliver their care services. The devices are more accurate and less prone to errors that are inherent to human beings. The accuracy guarantees patient safety during medical procedures and treatment (Trossman, 2013). Technology can meet the safety standards set by the institute of medicine, by eliminating errors that are inherent to humans. The concept of â€Å"to err is human† is widely used in medical fields to justify human errors. The concept has multiple weaknesses. It allows health providers to act negligently without any legal implications. In extreme cases, human errors result in the deaths of patients and permanent disability. Use of technology eliminates these errors, increases efficiency and accuracy in medical procedures especially surgical procedures. Evidence shows that technology saves the lives of patients in ways that human efforts alone cannot do (Kleib, Shabe & Allen, 2012). For example, before adoption of extensive application of technology, health providers relied on their senses to detect changes and monitor status of a patient. Use of their senses such as smell, touch, hearing and sight was very subjective and prone to errors. Later on, accurate technology to detect a patient’s physical changes developed (Mitchell, 2011). Policies/guidelines/best practice for patient safety technology and nursing care advocate for building a safer health system by eliminating human errors. The concept of â€Å"to err is human† defines the challenges that hinder improvement of safety in the health care sector. However, technology eliminates these human limitations and develops a new best practice that builds a safe health system. The new system is more accurate, precise, efficient and secure because technology is less prone to errors than people (Thede & Linda, 2012). Another guideline aims at keeping patients safe by transforming the work environment for nurses. The guideline focuses

Lesson 5 Disscusion and Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lesson 5 Disscusion and - Assignment Example The lyrics were written by big talents and were very innovative. In most Motown music albums, it appeared that the sound engineers placed the echo and equalizer right on the tape when they were moving between the rhythm tracks. In every Motown album the musicians and equalizer were same, but each album was different from the other. Making the albums required loads of creativity and most of the times it was the combinations of all the songs in an album that is more admiring than any individual song of the album (Coffey, 82-83). One popular Motown album was released in 1960 by the American singer Sammy Ward also known as Singing Sammy. The bestseller song of the album was â€Å"That’s Why I Love You So Much† which he sang duet with Sherri Taylor. Tin Pan Alley was the name given to the West 28th Street in New York where many musicians did business during the period between 1880 and 1953. Some examples of this model are Frank Sinatra’s â€Å"Young at Heart†, Cole Porter’s â€Å"High Society† etc. It is not practically possible to pin down a definite year as the starting era of rock ‘n’ roll music. It was in 1953 that rock ‘n’ roll gained significant popularity in the music industry with Crazy Man Crazy recorded by Bill Haley (Gillett, 3). The Beatles were an English rock band that originated in Liverpool in the year 1960, and it ruled rock ‘n’ roll industry for the next ten years. Their immense popularity worldwide can be attributed to their variety of wonderful songs that have become integrated in the modern music culture. Each song is characterized by unique sound. One interesting fact regarding the Beatles is that they composed their own songs, and the publishing rights of the songs were considered as commercial property to be sold by their manager, Brian Epstein (Richards, 1-2). The Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band is the most popular rock ‘n’ roll album ever made by the Beatles who were considered as the mo narch of

Nursing care and treatment of cerebral vasospasm following Essay

Nursing care and treatment of cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid haemorrhage - Essay Example Cerebral vasospasm is one of the devastating complications following subarachnoid hemorrhage and is associated with high mortality.Despite extensive study and research,the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of this complication remains poorly understood Despite extensive study and research, the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of this complication remains poorly understood. Because of this, medical treatment of this condition is largely limited to calcium channel blockers, triple-H therapy and the most recent papaverine infusion and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. More often than not, clinical signs and symptoms of cerebral vasospasm are first recognised by a nurse, who then alerts the physician. Thus, nurses caring for patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage must be aware of cerebral vasospasm and the necessary steps that must be taken after detecting the condition (Kosty, 2005). Also, treatments for vasospasm are at risk of several complications which must be monitored by the ca re taking nurse closely. Thus, nurses play a very important role in the recognition and management of cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage (Campbell, 1997). In this review, critical analysis of nursing management of cerebral vasospasm will be done. Aims The aims of the review are to critically analyse and evaluate treatment of cerebral vasospasm secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage through a nursing perspective. Objectives ... There are several causes for subarachnoid hemorrhage, the most common cause being pre-existing aneurysm. Subarachnoid hemorrhage due to aneurysm is not preventable because; it is very difficult to detect aneurysms that are unruptured (Kosty, 2005). Aneurysms are lesions that are acquired on the arterial walls because of hemodynamic stress. They usually occur over bends and points of bifurcation. There are several types of aneurysms, those which occur in intracranial arteries are saccular and berry aneurysms (Kosty, 2005). This is because; intracranial arteries do not have external elastic lamina and have adventia that is very thin. Both these predispose to aneurysms. Another factor that makes intracranial arteries vulnerable to aneurysms is the fact that they lie in the subarachnoid space without any support. Aneurysms mainly occur in the internal carotid artery's terminal portion and also from the branches arises from the anterior aspect of the circle of Willis (Becske, and Jallo, 2 010). The estimated prevalence of subarachnoid hemorrhage in populations all over the world is 0.3- 5 percent (Becske, and Jallo, 2010). The incidence is slightly more in women than in men. The mean age of this emergency is around 50 years (Becske, and Jallo, 2010). The mortality associated with this condition is very high. 60 percent of the patients die within 30 days following the hemorrhage (Becske, and Jallo, 2010). Of these, 10 percent die without any warning (Becske, and Jallo, 2010). 30 percent of patients die within the first 2 weeks (Kosty, 2005) and 15 percent of the patients develop severe disability (Kosty, 2005). Only less than 30 percent patients have moderate or good recovery (Kosty, 2005). Other than mortality, sub-arachnoid hemorrhage also leads to

Social Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Social Media - Essay Example Social media is such a rich source of information that it has become very easy for people to know the root-causes of problems, and make informed decisions as to what side they should support. Just like everything has certain positive and negative aspects to it, social media also has both kinds of effects on the society. Positive effects of social media include creation of awareness in the society regarding the real issues whereas the negative effect of social media is primarily the disorganized and uncivilized retaliation and protest of the people after they realize the potential ways in which they have been targeted. Positive Effects of Unbiased Reporting by Social Media Creation of Awareness in the Society about the Real Issues News channels like CBS and Fox News have lost credibility in the eyes of public since people learnt how these channels have tried to manipulate them and feed them with wrong information about the threats to the USA from Iraq, when there were none. There are a lot of ways in which the television channels tend to dodge the audiences in order to streamline their perceptions according to their agenda. An example of the ways in which the television channels play with the audiences is here; â€Å"The Big Three (ABC, CBS, NBC) Wednesday evening newscasts devoted more than 9 minutes (9 minutes, 28 seconds) to the flap over Mitt Romney's statement criticizing the administration's handling of the Libyan crisis but spent just 25 seconds on questions regarding Barack Obama's Middle-East policy, a greater than 20-to-1 disparity† (Dickens). This was intentionally done to make the audiences’ attention increasingly diverted towards Romney’s criticism of Obama’s policies and at the same time male the audiences overlook or pay least attention towards the Middle-East policy of the president. In many cases, interests of the television channels are aligned with the interests of specific political parties either in charge or in o pposition and the channels make use of its programs include talk shows, news, and discussions to brainwash the audiences in the best interest of the political parties which the channels serve. There are numerous factors that contribute toward making the news spread through social media more reliable. A person’s profile on such a social media website as Facebook is essentially his/her virtual identity. People know him/her in the virtual world by that profile. Owing to this fact, people tend to remain as much truthful and honest in the expression of their views and opinions on the social media websites as possible because whatever they write on their profile has an effect on their image in the public eye. In order to construct good image and avoid their image from getting tarnished in the public eye, people support what is right and condemn what they really think is wrong on the ethical grounds. Another concrete example of reliability of social media is that it is a fairly accu rate medium where one can learn cultural perceptions about the latest events around the world as well as debatable topics like gay marriage and euthanasia. All one needs to do is read the comments under the videos on Youtube, and one can know what the people of a certain country generally think about a certain issue. Not only can one understand the generic

The Character & Flick Webb Essay Example for Free

The Character Flick Webb Essay The poem is built around the character of Flick Webb. He is the one referred to as the ex-basketball player. Flick was once a basketball superstar in his county and a record setter. â€Å"In ’46, He bucketed three hundred ninety points, A county record still. †¦ I saw him rack up thirty eight or forty† (lines 14,15) . The narrator describes how well Flick played basketball that his record of 390 points for a season has not been surpassed. He was like Kobe Bryant who was averaging 31 points per game and at a time scored 52 against the Houston Rockets. (Kobe Bryant Bio 2007) Almost a decade after the glorious high school days, Flick was not able to continue his career as a basketball player. Instead he became a gasman at Berth’s Garage. â€Å"He never learned a trade, he just sells gas, Checks oil, and changes flats. † (lines 19,20) Although Updike did not make any judgment of Flick’s career as a gasman, whether his situation is good or bad, there were suggestions in the last three stanzas that Flick and the people in the community are not happy with what he has become. â€Å"Off work, he hangs around Mae’s Luncheonette. Grease-gray and kind of coiled, he plays pinball, Smokes those thin cigars, nurses lemon phosphates. † (lines 25-27) These lines suggest that Flick is still a bachelor and nowhere to go but a luncheonette; whiles away the time, not at all socializing. â€Å"Flick seldom says a word to Mae, just nods Beyond her face†. (lines 28,29) He must be attracted to Mae who is the owner of the luncheonette but is apprehensive probably because he has nothing to offer the lady. The Style Ex-Basketball Player is a narrative poem; it tells a story. The narrator is presumed to be the author who could have been a witness to the life of a once popular high school basketball player. The poem is set in free verse so that there is no pattern of measure in the lines and the stanzas. The first stanza has one line, the next has two, followed by five lines for the third and the rest of the stanzas have no pattern. Updike also has a style of leaving the line unfinished and is continued in the next stanza. Like the line â€Å"At Colonel McComsky Plaza. Berth’s Garage† (line 4) is in a separate stanza followed by â€Å"Is on the corner facing west, and there† (line 5). Updike’s style seems to pre-empt the idea before it comes in the next stanza allowing smoother flow of ideas. The style is effective because separating the line did not distort the message intended. Imagery â€Å"Poetry communicates experience and experience comes to us largely through the senses (seeing, hearing, smelling, feeling, and touching)†. (Reuben, p. 4) These are expressed through imagery. Updike used a lot of imagery in this poem. Irony was evident in the line, â€Å"Flick stands tall against the idiot pumps†. (line 7) Flick standing tall is contrasted to the idiot pumps. It is like saying Flick is proud because he rises above the idiots or he is better off than the other idiots. Updike wants to express how sad it is that the basketball career is over through the description of the location of Berth’s Garage, â€Å"Bends with the trolley tracks, and stops, cut off Before it has a chance to go two blocks. † (lines 2,3) He uses the line â€Å"cut off before it has a chance†. (line 2) This means the future of the basketball star was cut off before the man had the chance. Updike even makes a part appear as a puzzle when he described the â€Å"nostrils with two S’s and the eyes with an E and O† (lines 10,11) , and he simply means that it is an ESSO gas station. This also reveals the era of the poem because ESSO was most popular in this decade. â€Å"His hands were like wild birds† (line 18), refers to Flick’s quick hands when it comes to handling the basketball, but this is contrasted by the line â€Å"His hands are fine and nervous on the lug wrench† (line 23), which this time criticizes his unskilled hands when it comes to changing flat tires. The two contrasting lines talk about the same hands. This shows that Flick was just good at basketball and nothing else. Figurative Language Aside from the symbolisms and imagery, the use of personification is very effective. Personification is a figure of speech that â€Å"gives the attributes of a human being to an animal, on object or a concept†. (Reuben, p. 5) Personification is evident in the description of the gas pumps in Berth’s garage. Updike refers to the pumps as â€Å"idiot pumps† (line 7) as if the pumps have brains. It actually means that the pumps have to be guided by the gasman all the time. The pumps also have â€Å"their rubber elbows hanging loose and low. One’s nostrils are two S’s, and his eyes An E and O† (lines 10,11). The pumps have rubber elbows and have nostrils and eyes too. It can mean that the pumps are among Flick’s very few friends left. These are the only ones that can look up on him now that he has become a nobody. On the other hand, another phrase personifies the ball as loving, â€Å"the ball loved Flick† (line 16), referring to Flick’s expertise in shooting and dribbling the basketball. At Mae’s luncheonette, Flick looks beyond Mae’s face through the â€Å"applauding tiers of Necco Wafers, Nibs and Juju Beads†(lines 29,30) . The line up of wafers, nibs and beads were applauding means that Flick cannot even look directly towards the girl he likes. He does not have the confidence to talk to a girl; too shy and awkward to even look at her so that his attention drifts to the wafers and nibs at the background. The use of personification has been very effective in portraying Flick’s character as well as in contrasting the happy mood of the past and setting the melancholy mood of the present. Personifying the pumps, the ball, the tiers of wafers, nibs and beads added to the loneliness in Flick’s life, as if there is nobody else to give comfort to him but his pumps, his basketball and the wafers at the background of the luncheonette.